Post-publication article correction or retraction may be initiated by the authors, members of the editorial board, reviewers, academic institutions, or independent experts. Each request will be carefully reviewed by the editorial board on a case-by-case basis, in accordance with the journal’s Code of Ethics and the guidelines of COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics), ensuring the accuracy, integrity, and transparency of the academic record.
Post-publication corrections are permitted only to address technical inaccuracies and must not affect the substantive content of the research.
A technical inaccuracy is defined as a minor error that does not affect the substance or interpretation of the research. Examples include:
Such corrections must not compromise the reliability of the research or affect the validity of the conclusions.
In the case of a technical correction, the journal will publish a corresponding statement — a Correction Notice — indicating the source of the error (either the author or the editorial office).
The Correction Notice will be published on the journal’s official website and reflected in the updated PDF version of the article with an appropriate note.
An article may be retracted under the following circumstances:
If the editorial board decides to retract an article, the author(s) will be promptly notified with a detailed explanation of the decision.
Retracted articles will remain in the journal’s database with their DOI preserved. However, the article will be clearly labeled as Retracted in the title and throughout the content, including a formal retraction statement in the PDF version.
Retraction notices will be openly accessible on the journal’s official website and, if necessary, disseminated through additional relevant platforms.
The editorial board will assess the responsibility of the author(s) and, if appropriate, take further actions in accordance with the journal’s Code of Ethics.